F. Personality And National Culture - Motivation Theory

1. The Big Five model translates across almost all cross-cultural studies.

2. Differences tend to surface by the emphasis on dimensions.

• Chinese use the category of conscientiousness more often and use the category of agreeableness less often than do Americans.

• There is a surprisingly high amount of agreement, especially among individuals from developed countries.

• There are no common personality types for a given country.

• There is evidence that cultures differ in terms of people’s relationship to their environment. In North America, people believe that they can dominate their environment. People in Middle Eastern countries believe that life is essentially preordained.

3. The prevalence of Type A personalities will be somewhat influenced by the culture in which a person grows up.

• Estimated that about 50% of the North American population is Type A